Discuss the development of recall memory

What will be an ideal response?

Answer: Recognition is the simplest form of memory. It involves noticing when a stimulus is identical or similar to one previously experienced. Recall is more challenging because it involves remembering something not present. By the middle of the first year, infants are capable of recall, as indicated by their ability to find hidden objects and engage in deferred imitation. Recall improves steadily with age. For example, 1-year-olds can retain short sequences of adult-modeled behaviors for up to 3 months, and 1½-year-olds can do so for as long as 12 months. The ability to recall modeled behaviors in the order in which they occurred—evident as early as 6 months—strengthens over the second year. And when toddlers imitate in correct sequence, processing relations between actions, they remember more. Long-term recall depends on connections among multiple regions of the cerebral cortex, especially with the prefrontal cortex. Formation of these neural circuits is under way in infancy and toddlerhood and will accelerate in early childhood. The evidence as a whole indicates that infants’ memory processing is remarkably similar to that of older children and adults: Babies have distinct short-term and long-term memories and display both recognition and recall. And they acquire information quickly and retain it over time, doing so more effectively with age.