The concept of motivation may be defined as
a. voluntary compliance to another's request
b. rewarding and punishing behavior so as to change it
c. energizing and directing our efforts toward a meaningful goal
d. controlling behavior through reinforcements but not punishments
C
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The association or link between which two classical conditioning elements is, by definition, unlearned?
A) CS and CR B) US and CR C) CS and UR D) US and UR
With respect to the question of therapeutic effectiveness, researchers today are most concerned with asking
a. whether or not psychotherapy works. b. why psychotherapy works and the effectiveness of specific treatments with specific problems and patients. c. what psychotherapy has contributed to the outpatient movement in the United States. d. how much does psychotherapy cost.