The impact of immigration on public service provision and the welfare state in industrialized countries is often ______.

A. positive, because most migrants are healthy, working-age people who do not require state-sponsored welfare support
B. negative, because most migrants are more likely to receive social benefits than are native-born households
C. positive, because illegal immigrants do not receive social benefits or state support
D. negative, because some immigrants are able to receive social benefits despite not being in host countries legally

A. positive, because most migrants are healthy, working-age people who do not require state-sponsored welfare support