Joint Stock company has many characteristics of a _______________ such as: ownership is represented by transferable shares of stock, normally managed by directors and officers of the company, it can have a perpetual existence.

Roberta Whitman has recently been hired by Jackson Pharmaceuticals as the senior vice president of human resources

Jackson Pharmaceuticals has a history of problems within its HR department including difficulties recruiting and retaining qualified employees, EEO violations, inadequate employee training programs, and confusion regarding health benefit enrollment and coverage. With years of experience transforming HR departments in other firms, Whitman believes she can correct the problems at Jackson Pharmaceuticals. Which of the following best supports Whitman's idea to develop a shared services arrangement to handle benefits administration? A) An embedded HR unit would assist top management with big picture issues as well as benefits administration. B) Extensive training has been provided to line managers so that they fully understand the different insurance options available to employees. C) Outside vendors specializing in all aspects of benefits administration would provide improved support to the firm's employees. D) Lower insurance premiums would eliminate the need for outsourcing services and improve employee health coverage.

________ is the period between starting an activity and realizing its result—for example, the time between order placement and receipt of shipment

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