A PA axial cranial projection (Caldwell method) with accurate positioning demonstrates
1. equal distance from the crista galli to the lateral cranial cortices on each side.
2. the petrous ridges aligned with the supraorbital margins.
3. the petrous pyramids superimposed over the infraorbital margins.
4. the superior orbital fissures demonstrated within the orbits.
a. 1 and 4 only
b. 2 only
c. 1, 3, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
C
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Your patient is a 26-year-old African-American male who is alert but in severe distress, complaining of pain in his hands and feet, as well as abdominal pain. The pain began this morning but has progressed from an initial rating of 5/10 to a 9/10 at the present time. The patient has a history of sickle cell anemia and denies any trauma. Physical examination reveals cool, diaphoretic skin; pain with palpation to all four abdominal quadrants; splenomegaly; and a priapism. HR = 132, BP = 140/90, RR = 16. Select the most appropriate acute diagnosis and treatment for this patient.
A) Sickle cell vaso occlusive crisis; administer high-concentration oxygen, IV therapy with isotonic crystalloids, and narcotics for pain control B) Sickle cell trait; administer oxygen according to pulse oximetry readings, and give a 500 mL bolus of isotonic crystalloid solution C) Sickle cell occlusive crisis; administer oxygen by nonrebreathing mask, isotonic crystalloids, and aspirin D) Sickle cell disease; administer oxygen according to pulse oximetry readings, start an IV of normal saline, and administer ketorolac for pain
List several of the beliefs and attitudes you have studied that can help you become an effective health care professional