How do children develop their sense of racial identity and gender?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
- Both racial and gender identity develops during the preschool years
- Race dissonance is the phenomenon in which minority children indicate preferences for majority values or people
- Ethnic identity emerges after racial identity since ethnicity is not as conspicuous as race
- Bilingual children are more aware of their ethnic identity
- Differences between the way boys and girls are treated begin at birth
- Gender is well-established by preschool years (ability to identify male or female)
- Gender development moves through gender identity, development of gender schemas, angender constancy
- There are many explanations for the process of gender development including
- Biological
- Psychoanalytic
- Social learning
- Cognitive approaches
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Availability of information through memory processes without conscious effort is called ________, whereas conscious effort to encode and recover information through memory processes is called ________
FIll in the blank with correct word.
Which of the following correctly completes this analogy: Fluid intelligence is to crystallized intelligence as __________ is to ________
a) information processing capability; information learned through experience b) nurture; nature c) a vocabulary test; a syllogistic reasoning test d) preserved with age; declines with age