Martha is a secretary for a prestigious company, and experiences an overload of demands from various executives. She finds that she is incapable of satisfying any of their needs. Martha's problem is best considered to be an example of role:

If the results of an experiment are statistically significant, we may conclude that the

a. operational definitions were reliable. b. experiment was important. c. dependent variable had an effect on the independent variable. d. results were probably not due to chance. e. operational definitions were valid.

According to the article The Nose Knows about the ability of mothers to detect the scent of their babies, in the main study reported, the feelings of the mothers toward their infants were operationally defined as:

(a) questionnaire responses (b) hugs and kisses observed (c) the number of times the mother changed the infant (d) the amount the infant ate