In a pretest posttest design, there are 15 participants who each take both the pretest and posttest. How many degrees of freedom are present?

Self theories emphasize

social forces. sexual or racial discrimination. the core self. circumscribed opportunities.

Compliance is a change in behavior ______

a. initiated on your own without any prompting from someone else b. in response to unspoken social norms c. in response to a specific request d. in response to a specific command