In an expansion, federal tax receipts increase proportionally more than real GDP without the need for any government policy. This increase is an example of
A) discretionary monetary policy.
B) automatic monetary policy.
C) automatic fiscal policy.
D) discretionary fiscal policy.
E) the effect of deficit spending.
C
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If the central bank is facing the zero bound constraint and announces a higher inflation target,
A) the real interest rate will increase, which will decrease aggregate expenditure. B) the real interest rate will decrease, which will increase aggregate expenditure. C) the nominal interest rate will increase, which will decrease aggregate expenditure. D) the nominal interest rate will decrease, which will increase aggregate expenditure.
The top 1% of income earners in the U.S. (those with the highest taxable incomes) pay
A) about the same percentage of their incomes in taxes as the average U.S. taxpayer. B) a much lower percentage of their incomes in taxes than the average U.S. taxpayer. C) a much higher percentage of their incomes in taxes than the average U.S. taxpayer. D) about 15 percent of their incomes in income taxes E) a and d