Transfusion-related hemochromatosis is seen in patients who:

a. Had an adverse reaction to a blood transfusion
b. Received the wrong type of blood
c. Had life-long repeated red cell transfusions
d. Received a transfusion from a relative

ANS: C
When patients with chronic severe anemias are maintained with red cell transfusions, the iron in the transfused red cells adds to any iron that is being absorbed normally. No mechanism exists to rid the body of iron. Over years, this excess iron builds up and acquired hemochromatosis develops. Red cell transfusions are thus a "double-edged sword" for these patients. On one hand, they improve the quality of life and perhaps even save it for the patient; on the other, the eventual consequence after years of transfusions is acquired hemochromatosis.