Both the longitudinal and cross-sectional designs are used in a

According to your text, high school students perform better than elementary school students in memory task experiments because they

A) can apply previously learned memory strategies to the new task. B) pay closer attention to the task. C) are more motivated. D) are more mature and therefore more goal-oriented.

The school of behaviorism attempted to explain behavior by studying:

a) the reasons people give for their behaviors. b) the specific personality traits that lead to behavior. c) how a specific stimulus evokes a specific response. d) the purposes of people's behavior.