What are the four phases of compilation?

What will be an ideal response?

• Phase I: Lexical analysis-The compiler examines the individual characters in the source program and groups them into syntactical units, called tokens, that will be analyzed in succeeding stages. This operation is analogous to grouping letters into words prior to analyzing text.?• Phase II: Parsing-The sequence of tokens formed by the scanner is checked to see whether it is syntactically correct according to the rules of the programming language. This phase is roughly equivalent to checking whether the words in the text form grammatically correct sentences.• Phase III: Semantic analysis and code generation-If the high-level language statement is structurally correct, then the compiler analyzes its meaning and generates the proper sequence of machine language instructions to carry out the intended actions.• Phase IV: Code optimization-The compiler takes the generated code and sees whether it can be made more efficient, either by making it run faster or having it occupy less memory, or possibly both.