With respect to the role of cognitive appraisal in emotional experience, it is probably most reasonable to conclude that
a. the research evidence shows that cognitive appraisal is not a valid phenomenon.
b. cognitive appraisal is an important process, but not the only one.
c. people first respond instinctively, then search for cognitive explanations.
d. cognitive appraisal is of least value in explaining responses to ambiguous or novel situations.
Answer: b. cognitive appraisal is an important process, but not the only one.
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A form of existential therapy known as logotherapy was developed by
a. Fritz Perls b. Alfred Adler c. Victor Frankl d. Otto Rank
In a classic study of delay of gratification, it was observed how long 4-year-olds could wait for a larger treat when they had a smaller treat in front of them. Children who could wait longer, or who did not give in and eat the smaller treat, __________
a. had higher educational achievement only b. had higher social competence only c. had higher educational achievement and social competence in adolescence d. showed short-term but no long-term differences in educational achievement and social competence