Incoherent foreign policies are natural in democracies because ________
a. leaders are held accountable through ever-changing public opinion
b. of overly complex campaign slogans and policies
c. of a hierarchical foreign affairs community
d. the same foreign service officers serve as foreign policy advisors
e. they are limited in what they can do by the constitutional division of powers
A
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Which of the following activities are interest groups allowed to engage in?
a. They can provide loans to candidates. b. They can provide expenditure for entertainment. c. They can give gifts or awards worth less than $500 to candidates. d. They can provide transportation to candidates.
Suppose two surveys are conducted, one asking people's level of support for "welfare" and the other using the term "assistance to the poor." The former survey finds much lower support than the latter. This discrepancy shows that __________
a. public opinion surveys are generally unreliable b. pollsters should avoid questions dealing with social policy c. a misinformed public will provide inconsistent survey answers d. pollsters must be careful to word questions in ways that avoid biased responses