According to the Supreme Court's decisions in the Civil Rights Cases (1883), in which of the following areas could Congress prohibit discrimination against African Americans?

Dr. Mottle is concerned that the information that was collected by one of the government agencies might have systematic errors in it limiting the __________ of the information

A) amount B) reliability C) validity D) cost

Generally, states need only have a __________ to pass laws that also happen to restrict religious practices

A) nonpartisan reason B) probable cause C) rational basis D) reasonable basis E) valid secular purpose