While studying for an astronomy exam, Haley realizes that the swirling motion of the cream he has just poured into his coffee is similar to the motion of the solar nebula described in his textbook. This comparison helps him to remember the term for the phenomenon and represents an example of

A researcher is interested in determining how frequently bullying behavior occurs in real-life settings. This researcher would best be advised to use the _________________

A) case study design B) correlational design C) experimental design D) naturalistic observation design

An administrator believes that the placement of motivational posters on the walls in classrooms of academic buildings will lead to increased GPAs (grade point averages) at his school

To test his theory, he randomly assigns certain classrooms within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences to have the posters while others do not. None of the remaining four academic colleges have any posters placed in their classrooms. What is the independent variable in this study? A) academic college B) classroom wall hangings C) gender of the student D) grade point average