The supporters of Thomas Jefferson called themselves Federalists, and the supporters of Alexander Hamilton referred to themselves as Republicans.

Party identifiers are:

A. the members of a political party who are identified easily by the people. B. those people who associate themselves as volunteers of a political party. C. the symbols used by a political party to popularize it among the public. D. those people who identify themselves as being members of a political party. E. those people who eventually become the candidates for office.

In his report on the effects of media in politics, Jackson argues that the evolution of theories on the effects of media have gone astray. Jackson feels that the original theory from the 1920s should be revisited. To which theory is Jackson referring?

a. minimal effects theory  b. episodic framing theory  c. cultivation theory  d. hypodermic theory