After the census, the United States goes through the __________ process, in which congressional seats are allotted to each state according to its proportion of the population.

Which of the following is the best definition of “means-tested public assistance?”

A. benefits provided to those who contributed to a public fund B. benefits provided to all citizens without any distinction C. benefits provided to those who need most help D. benefits provided, via tax breaks, for specific groups of citizens or activities

Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Social Security is funded through an earmarked tax. 2. The gap between the United States and other Western democracies in expenditures on social policy has increased since the 1980s. 3. The United States has been described as a laggard welfare state. 4. The primary function of social insurance programs is to redistribute income across economic classes. 5. Defining programs such as Social Security and workers’ compensation as social insurance programs was crucial to legitimating the programs.