Discuss the evidence for genetic factors in the etiology of ASD
What will be an ideal response?
The discovery of the fragile-X anomaly (see Chapter 5) in about 2% to 3% of children with ASD led to increased attention to this and other chromosomal defects that might be related to ASD. Some studies have found that as many as 15% to 20% of siblings of individuals with ASD also have the disorder, a number nearly twice that seen in earlier reports. New research using molecular genetics has pointed to particular areas on many different chromosomes as possible locations for susceptibility genes for ASD (Klinger et al., 2014). Susceptibility genes are causally implicated in the susceptibility to ASD but do not cause it directly on their own.
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Spontaneous recovery is said to occur when a
a. previously extinguished CR suddenly reappears after an interval of time has passed. b. CR is evoked by a stimulus similar to the one used during acquisition training. c. CR is evoked by a CS but not other (neutral) stimuli. d. UR is no longer evoked by the US. e. CR is no longer evoked by the CS but only by the US.
You and your sister are watching your nephew. Initially he seems to be very interested in a recently appeared stimulus, but seems not to be very interested in it after a few seconds. Your sister thinks that he might not have a very long attention span
What do you tell her? Your nephew is actually displaying ____. a. boredom b. sensitivity c. dishabituation d. habituation