__________ occurs when children apply rules to words that are exceptions to the rule

Patterson (1974) measured the hostility levels of high school football players both one week before the season began and one week after the season ended. The results showed that _______________, suggesting that _____________

A) hostility increased over the course of the season; releasing pent-up aggression in socially acceptable ways does not reduce aggression and hostility. B) hostility decreased over the course of the season; catharsis is an effective way of reducing aggressive impulses. C) hostility increased over the course of the season; players need additional outlets to manage their aggressive impulses. D) hostility stayed the same; players need additional outlets to manage their aggressive impulses. E) hostility decreased over the course of the season; playing football is beneficial for high school students.

A criticism of high-stakes testing is that

standards of learning are not raised high enough. it destroys learning with its focus on test scores. it is not conducted often enough to truly raise standards. it must begin in kindergarten to be effective in high school.