While a 61-year-old female in cardiac arrest receives emergency care, you note that her abdomen grows larger with each ventilation provided from a bag-valve mask. What instructions should you provide?
A) "Try delivering each ventilation over 3 seconds, and let's slow down the rate."
B) "The ventilation rate and force of ventilation need to be increased so air goes into the lungs."
C) "Let's slow the ventilation rate to 10 per minute, providing each breath over 1 second."
D) "I need another rescuer to apply firm pressure over the stomach, while we ventilate this patient."
C
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A 74-year-old male with a history of chronic emphysema is complaining of sudden onset of shortness of breath. He appears to be in acute respiratory distress. Physical exam of the anterior chest wall reveals crepitus. Based on the patient's history and physical exam, you would suspect which of the following conditions?
a. Spontaneous pneumothorax b. Congestive heart failure c. Acute bronchitis d. Carbon monoxide poisoning