Which of the following is an example of naturalistic observation?
a. a researcher formally measuring two variables to see if they are related
b. a researcher varying the levels of a drug to see if it affects a rat's behavior
c. a researcher reading the results of a scientific publication
d. a researcher watching two birds building a nest in a tree
e. a researcher investigating whether rats learn a maze quicker after being reinforced
Answer: d. a researcher watching two birds building a nest in a tree
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