If banks hold no excess reserves, checkable deposits total $1.5 billion, currency totals $400 million, and the required reserve ratio is 10%, then the monetary base equals

Jim is planning on attending a football game that costs $40 . He will have to take the day off from the work losing 8 hours of work. His hourly wage is $10 . He estimates it will cost him around $20 for gas and parking at the game. Jim's implicit (opportunity) cost of attending the game equals

a. $80 b. $40 c. $20 d. $140

Other things the same, an increase in the U.S. real exchange rate makes U.S. goods more expensive relative to foreign goods

a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false