By the end of the preoperational stage, children are able to understand the idea that actions, events, and outcomes are related to one another in fixed patterns. This is called __________

In contrast to written language, spoken language is especially likely

a. to be spread out across space. b. to be controllable with respect to the rate of input. c. to require the use of working memory. d. to have discrete boundaries between words.

Industrialized societies such as Japan and Western countries tend to be highly ____, which means based on nonreligious beliefs and values

a. worldly b. spiritual c. secular d. divine