Psychologists refer to the use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome as

Edith makes plans to go to her favourite restaurant, even though she has an exam the next day and knows she needs to study. Which aspect of her unconscious is guiding her decision to go out to dinner?

a) Id b) Ego c) Superego d) None of the above are correct

If you could see all random error in a distribution, it would ____

a. have a variance equal to the mean b. sum to zero c. shift the mean in a positive direction d. be greater than the population variance