What is automatic thinking, and what are the two major types of automatic thinking that people use?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Automatic thinking is nonconscious, unintentional, involuntary, and relatively effortless. Two major forms of automatic thinking are schemas and heuristics. Schemas are mental structures that people use to organize their knowledge about the social world. They are often activated without awareness and without intent. When we cannot immediately process information with an existing schema, we use heuristics, or mental shortcut strategies, to solve problems and to determine which schema is most applicable. Heuristics, too, are often used automatically, unconsciously, and unintentionally.
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In Garcia and Koelling's research on the conditioned aversion to the water bottles
in the radiation chamber, the dependent variable was (a) whether a conditioned aversion developed (b) lights and sounds (c) illness vs. shock (d) radiation-induced illness
Which of these individuals exhibits a significant risk factor for violent behavior?
a) Bob who is depressed b) Frank who has an anxiety disorder c) George who is dependent on alcohol d) Harry who has an adjustment disorder