Increased pressure on the government from, for example, two world wars, the Great Depression, the Civil Rights movement, and the Cold War seemed to justify
a. an increase in state power relative to the national government.
b. dual federalism.
c. increased centralization of power in the national government.
d. cooperative federalism.
e. Chief Justice Roger Taney's interpretation of the constitution.
C
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What is the status of affirmative action in college admissions after the Supreme Court decisions in a series of cases involving the University of Michigan?
a. Affirmative action policies are generally permissible but they cannot involve race-based quotas or numerical point systems. b. Affirmative action policies are assumed to be unconstitutional unless the university can demonstrate the need to promote racial tolerance. c. Affirmative action policies must ensure that all racial and ethnic groups are represented in accordance with the population of the nation as a whole. d. All forms of affirmative action are unconstitutional because they unfairly favor some people over other based on the color their skin
Which of the following statements would be made by critics of pluralism?
a. Government is too responsive to the demands of interest groups. b. It is too easy for citizens with a shared grievance to form an interest group. c. Some interests deliberately excluded from the political system. d. Few people understand how the American political system works. e. It is too easy for incumbents to get reelected.