A neonatal patient has unsuccessfully undergone the subsequent therapeutic interventions: (1) surfactant replacement therapy, (2) inhaled nitric oxide, and (3) lung protective ventilation often with permissive hypercapnia. Which of the following forms of therapy should the therapist recommend at this time?

A. extracorporeal life support
B. high-frequency ventilation
C. venovenous bypass
D. intravascular oxygenation

ANS: B
A. Incorrect response: See explanation B.
B. Correct response: For all age groups, ECLS usually is considered after failure of other available therapies such as surfactant replacement, high-frequency ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide, and lung protective ventilation strategies often with permissive hypercapnia.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation B.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation B.