Optical shunting during pulse oximetry may be caused by which of the following?
a. Dark skin pigmen-tation c. Hyperbilirubinemia
b. Light skin pigmen-tation d. Hyponatremia
ANS: A
Optical shunting occurs when transmitted light never comes in contact with the vascular bed. This causes SpO2 values to be either erroneously high or low, depending on whether this light is pulsatile. Light skin pigmentation will not have any negative effects on pulse oximetry. Hyper-bilirubinemia and hyponatremia do not affect pulse oximetry readings.
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