Which is not an example of a civil case?

In his comprehensive "Yankee City" study of social stratification, W. Lloyd Warner used which of the following methods?

a. self-placement b. reputational c. subjective d. objective

Presidents have been able to ignore the restrictions on their ability to go to war contained in the War Powers Act because ______.

a. public opinion tends to rally around presidents when they deem military action necessary abroad, and Congress has declined to challenge such presidents b. Congress has no power under the War Powers Act c. Congress can never agree on a course of action when it comes to military decisions d. the provisions of the act are vague and make it easy to ignore e. everyone agrees the Supreme Court would probably declare the law unconstitutional if Congress ever attempted to enforce it