Which of the following is an important element of Vygotsky's theory of development?
a. preschoolers do not demonstrate concrete operations
b. "experts" in a field solve problems differently than "novices"
c. rate of mental development reflects innate capactities
d. children "internalize" speech addressed to them
Answer: d. children "internalize" speech addressed to them
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On Monday, the meteorologist forecast a 20 percent chance of rain, so Sheryl took her umbrella to work. On Friday, he reported an 80 percent chance that it would not rain, so Sheryl left her umbrella at home. Sheryl's behavior illustrates:
a. confirmation bias. b. the belief perseverance phenomenon. c. overconfidence. d. the representativeness heuristic. e. the framing effect.
Which of the following is NOT among the 6 personality types studied by Holland in his research on personality and occupational choices?
a. intuitive b. enterprising c. investigative d. realistic