In cultures that emphasize __________, people stress group goals over individual goals

To help himself remember the name of his new colleague, Hope, Jose thinks about the meaning of her name—the feeling of hopefulness. Which of the following concepts best corresponds to Jose’s strategy?

A. Chunking B. long-term potentiation C. Semantic encoding D. Self-reference E. Imagery

Psychologists who support the situated-cognition approach to problem solving would be most likely to emphasize

a. that people often learn to solve a problem in a specific context, and then they cannot transfer it to other situations. b. how people reach creative solutions, rather than obvious solutions. c. that people can easily transfer their knowledge from one problem to another similar problem. d. how people typically divide their attention among several competing components of the initial state.