What is the most significant influence against substance abuse among youth?

A treatment for severe depression in which an electric shock is delivered to the patient, resulting in a seizure of the body and the release of a flood of neurotransmitters in the brain, is called __________

a) prefrontal lobotomy. b) electroconvulsive therapy. c) trephining. d) relaxation training and meditation.

Viga has been studying for three hours now and is getting

overwhelmed with all of the statistics and formulas she has learned. Although she has been taking short breaks, she is tired and getting frustrated. Instead of quitting, however, Viga decides to take a short walk and then get right back into learning her statistics. Which of the following components of motivation best describes Viga's determination to stick to her studying? a) activation b) persistence c) intensity d) assimilation