Before studying conditioning, Ivan Pavlov studied ______________
A) cardiac physiology
B) canine anatomy
C) digestive processes
D) the endocrine system
Answer: C
Rationale: Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who studied digestion, using dogs as a model species. He accidently found that the dogs would learn to salivate to stimuli that were associated with food. Pavlov's discovery began a long tradition of inquiry into what is now called classical conditioning.
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An individual is brought into the emergency room by ambulance. He says he has been taking a drug to treat a psychological disorder; however, he cannot recall the disorder or the drug. He does describe some symptoms,
which appear to be side effects of the drug he has been taking: excessive thirst, hand tremors, and nausea. What would you conclude from this list of side effects? a) The patient is taking lithium for bipolar disorder. b) The patient is taking Clozapine for schizophrenia. c) The patient is taking Elavil for severe bipolar disorder. d) The patient is taking Clozapine for generalized anxiety disorder.
Larger groups composed of individuals who share particular characteristics but who may not interact with one another are called __________
a) cliques b) crowds c) peers d) cohorts