Using the data in Question 1 (but omitting the proposed distance variable), choose a value of p to minimise the standard error of the estimate associated with the following quantities, specifically comparing y referring to honey and x the number of bees:
y* = y - p sigma{j=1 to n} wij yj
x* = x - p sigma{j=1 to n} wij xj
Define the weight wij = 1 for all neighbors within 2 units of the hive and 0 otherwise.
We use the spatial data to determine the set of neighbors within 2 units of each hive, and take the sum
of their values. Then we can explore with a range of p values, finding such standard errors as follow:
Of these, p = 0 minimizes the standard error, although the r2
is low. Thus, the model collapses back
into a linear regression, and we conclude that the number of bees in the hive does not seem
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Random assignment
A) increases confidence that the groups are the same at the start of the study. B) is the best way to increase statistical power. C) is difficult to include in experimental designs. D) maximizes experimental variance.
A situation known as_____ occurs when the majority in Congress is from a different party than the president.
What will be an ideal response?