Describe postformal thought and provide some examples. How is it assessed?

What will be an ideal response?

Postformal thought concerns advances in thinking beyond Piaget's formal operational
period. Postformal thinkers often possess expertise, that is, they use rich, previous
experiences to solve problems. The postformal thinker realizes that many problems
have multiple causes and solutions, a type of thinking termed relativistic thought.
Postformal adults are also likely to use reflective judgement, for example, they may
believe that finding a solution for a problem can create problems in itself. Postformal
thinking, as well as wisdom, are assessed traditionally via dilemma methods. The
participant is asked to provide a reasoned solution; a method often referred to as the
thinking aloud paradigm. Participant responses are then coded as postformal thought
or not.