Use the five steps of the listening process to describe how you listen to a lecture.
What will be an ideal response?
- Answers may differ, but they should all employ the five steps of the listening process to explain what happens as students listen to a lecture. Student examples will vary.
* The first step in the listening process is selecting. I must choose one sound while sorting through various sounds competing for my attention.
# As I listen to a class lecture, I must select among the sounds, words, and nonverbal behaviors that will receive my attention.
* The next step in the listening process is attending to a sound.
# Since I know the material the professor is addressing is something I need to know for the exam, if for no other reason, I attend to what the teacher is saying and block out competing or distracting sounds from elsewhere.
# If the teacher speaks well, he or she will help me to listen by using humor or connecting ideas to concrete or real things.
* Understanding is the process of assigning meaning to the sounds you select and to which you attend; to understand a message is to construct meaning from what you hear and see.
# One basic principle is that as I listen, I will seek to understand what the professor is saying by trying to relate what I hear to what I already know.
# A second basic principle about how people understand is that the greater individuals are alike, the greater the likelihood of more accurate understanding.
* Remembering is the process of recalling information.
# By connecting the ideas and concepts discussed by the teacher, I will try to remember the information by pushing it into long-term memory, but it is likely I will lose most of it in short-term memory. That's one reason I take notes, so I can review the material again later.
* The last step in the listening process is responding-the process of confirming your understanding of a message.
# Responses can be nonverbal, for example, using direct eye contact or head nods.
# They can also be verbal, such as asking questions to confirm the content of the message, or making statements that reflect the feelings of the speaker.
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The basic characteristics of today’s audiences can be summarized by saying that all audiences are _______ and _______
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Anika considers herself to be a very athletic person. After a game one day, her coach congratulates her on her performance during the game. However, she hears some of her teammates saying that they think she is not very athletically skilled. Which instance(s) of feedback is Anika likely to attend to?
A. only her teammates’ feedback—we attend to feedback from our peers more frequently than from those of a different status B. only her coach’s feedback—we usually attend to feedback that is consistent with our own perception of identity C. both her coach and her teammates’ feedback—we always consider both positive and negative evaluations before determining which to believe D. neither her coach nor her teammates’ feedback—once we have a perception of our own identity, we do not attend to any feedback on that identity