Punishment procedures are typically used ____________ functional nonaversive procedures

Mark has been having some lapses in memory and he finds that he cannot always explain himself verbally. He told his wife, Allison, that he was going to the store for a few items, and came home 3 hours later. He told Allison that he got lost on the way back and could not remember his address. When Allison asked him to go see their doctor to find out what might be going on, he shouted at

her—something he had rarely done in their 40 years of marriage. What is a possible explanation for Mark's behaviors? a. Mark is tired and stressed out. b. Mark has the early stages of arthritis. c. Mark has Alzheimer's disease. d. Mark has psychohistorical anxiety.

The surviving bodyguard in Princess Diana's car was unable to recall events immediately prior to the car crash. What did he appear to suffer from?

a. amnesia c. dissociative amnesia b. retrograde amnesia d. anterograde amnesia