Which of the following was never a member of the League of Nations?

Which of the following statements reinforces the notion that any social structure that both increases group boundary saliency and decreases interracial ties necessarily reproduces racial inequality?

A. Access to valued resources is gained through social ties. B. Group members value individual gain over collective gain. C. Members of religious communities often live very private lives. D. Nonmembers of dominant groups alter their lifestyles to fit into the dominant group.

Formally, the first spouse ______.

a. receives foreign delegation. b. communicates with the American people c. spearheads domestic policy issues d. serves no role