What is the underlying cause of bluish or reddish facial discoloration following a traumatic asphyxiation?

A) Bluish or reddish facial discoloration is not associated with traumatic asphyxiation; a pale discoloration is usually present.
B) The patient has become hypoxic due to a chest injury and the finding suggests central cyanosis.
C) The physiological strain of the body results in a flushed appearance and increased risk of a hypertensive event.
D) High pressure on the chest leads to blood being forced from the right atrium into the face and neck.

D