In a recent article published in World Politics, “Islam and Authoritarianism,” M. Steven Fish hypothesizes that Islamic countries are likely to have lower levels of democracy than non-Islamic countries do. What is the dependent variable in this hypothesis?

Targeting cuts may be specifically associated with all of the following EXCEPT ________

A. officials having to identify and rank priorities B. intense political conflict C. avoidance until things become untenable D. declaring rank and priorities as unconstitutional

A situation where poorer states are vulnerable to sudden fluctuations in richer economies and dependent on the export of raw materials, whose prices often stagnate or decline, while prices for the manufactured products they import invariably increase is called a. economic dependency. b. rentierism

c. interdependency. d. economic addiction. e. mercantilism.