What treatment approach do many clinicians suggest for those experiencing distress associated with transitions to adult life?

According to Lazarus, our first task when faced with a potential stressor is to estimate its severity and to determine whether it is a challenge or threat. This evaluation is referred to as __________

a) primary appraisal. b) secondary appraisal. c) stress-related decision. d) hassle-related decision.

The self-deceptive elements of defensive coping led Freud to believe that these elements were ________

a. totally conscious b. unconscious c. maladaptive d. manipulative