Which of these most strongly influenced the ideas in Hobbes' Leviathan during the English Civil War, which may have informed his vision of "war of all against all."

Negative television ads __________

a. are rarely used in contemporary political campaigns b. attack opposing candidates for office c. portray a candidate in the best possible light to try to create negative feelings toward an opponent d. must be reviewed by the Federal Election Commission for accuracy before appearing on air

Management by objectives and zero-base budgeting are ______.

a. techniques to reform incrementalism b. budget appropriations methods c. methods of increasing legislative power d. types of legislative authorization