Children with mental retardation often manifest many disruptive behaviors. Which is the
least likely explanation for such behaviors?
a. Children with mental retardation tend to be disruptive when they feel misunderstood and
are frustrated with their environment.
b. Disruptive behaviors can be a means of communicating with others.
c. Mental retardation predisposes children to be disruptive.
d. Children with mental retardation often rely on non-verbal, rather than verbal, means of
communicating.
e. It is common for children with mental retardation to have other difficulties.
C
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Which motivational theory suggests that social-contextual events that enhance perceptions of competence improve intrinsic motivation?
A) self-evaluation theory B) self-regulation theory C) self-determination theory D) expectancy theory
According to Eisenberg's theory, what factors are important to the development of prosocial reasoning?
A) peer relationships and the media B) parenting and empathy C) the media and parenting D) empathy and peer relationships