What is the single best indicator of the adequacy or effectiveness of alveolar ventilation?

You have been called to a residence for a patient with altered mental status. On arrival a neighbor informs you that he saw the patient washing windows several minutes earlier and then suddenly saw him lying on the ground. He continues by stating that the patient is diabetic and has been in and out of the hospital lately because his blood sugar has been dropping suddenly. Your scene size-up

reveals the patient to be lying next to a ladder propped up to the second-story window. Water from a bucket is spilled on the side of the house and yard. The patient is supine and unresponsive. Which one of the following should be your next most immediate action? A) Insert a nasopharyngeal airway. B) Take manual in-line spinal stabilization. C) Check the glucose level and administer oral glucose if needed. D) Open the airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver.

Treatment of drowning and/or near drowning begins with:

a. opening the airway b. ventilation with 100% oxygen via bag-mask device c. suctioning the lungs to remove the water d. rescue and removal from the water