Quasi-experiments do not lend themselves to causal conclusions because they have potential problems with

a. threats to internal validity.
b. a high likelihood of asymmetric transfer.
c. order and sequence effects.
d. static-group comparisons.

A

Political Science

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In ABA designs, measurements are taken before and after the administering of an independent variable, as well as after the removal of the independent variable

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Political Science

The annual shortfall when federal revenues are less than expenditures is known as __________

a. the balance of payments b. the budget deficit c. the national debt d. the trade deficit

Political Science