What are musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)? How can ergonomics benefit a workforce with a high number of employees affected by MSDs?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are conditions that affect the body's muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. Work-related MSDs, including tendonitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and back pain, cost U.S. companies $61.2 billion annually just to cover lost productivity. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, nearly 400,000 MSD cases accounted for 34 percent of all injury and illness cases in 2012. The median days away from work was 12 days. The highest incidence rate occurred for laborer and freight, stock, and material movers. Back problems accounted for 41.2 percent of total MSDs. Ergonomics is the process of designing the workplace to support the capabilities of people and job/task demands. Through ergonomics, the goal is to fit the machine and work environment to the person, rather than require the person to make the adjustment. Ergonomics includes all attempts to structure work conditions so that they maximize energy conservation, promote good posture, and allow workers to function without pain or impairment. Failure to address ergonomics issues results in fatigue, poor performance, and repetitive stress injuries.
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To complete his business bookkeeping work each month, a business owner spends about 20 hours and in the process, has to give up $900 in income. If he hired a bookkeeper to do the work, the job would be completed in 15 hours and would cost him $600
Should the owner hire the bookkeeper or continue to do the work himself? A) He should hire the bookkeeper because the bookkeeper has an absolute advantage in completing the books. B) He should do the bookkeeping himself because he has an absolute advantage in completing the books. C) He should hire the bookkeeper only if the bookkeeper agrees to give him a discount on the service price. D) He should hire the bookkeeper only if the bookkeeper is willing to complete the work in 12 hours.