According to this Application, how will an increase in government spending on entitlement programs affect the macroeconomy?

If the Federal Reserve announces that its target for the federal funds rate is rising from 4 percent to 4.25 percent, how do you expect workers and firms to react?

A) If the Fed's announcement is not credible, workers and firms will not expect inflation to fall so they will reduce their consumption and investment spending, which will increase aggregate demand and reduce inflation. B) As long as the Fed's announcement is credible, workers and firms will reduce their consumption and investment spending, which will reduce aggregate demand and reduce inflation. C) As long as the Fed's announcement is credible, workers and firms will increase their consumption and investment spending, which will increase aggregate demand and inflation. D) Workers and firms will incorporate the increase in interest rates into their expectations of inflation, and they will expect inflation to rise as a result of Fed's policy announcement.

Exchange of developing country debt (at a discount) for private ownership of state-owned assets is called

(a) debt-equity swaps. (b) debt restructuring. (c) the Brady Plan. (d) debt-nature swaps.