Over-simplified generalizations about the characteristics of a group are called:

Which of the following statements best summarizes the relationship between schizophrenia and violence?

a. Generally, people with schizophrenia are no more likely to become violent than non-mentally ill people, and if violence occurs, other factors, such as substance abuse, are likely to contribute to its cause. b. People with schizophrenia are twice as likely to be violent as non-mentally ill people. c. People with schizophrenia are far more peaceful than non-mentally ill people. d. People with schizophrenia cannot differentiate right from wrong, and therefore are prone to violence.

"I'm SO glad I didn't bet on the Yankees to win the World Series this year," Vittorio said to his wife Debbie. "I knew that even though they had all of the best players and the highest payroll that they wouldn't win!"

The fact that Vittorio said this the day after the Yankees lost the last game of the World Series is an example of the __________ bias. a. heuristic b. belief c. hindsight d. exemplar