In Lev Vygotsky’s theory, social and cultural influences are central

Acts of reciprocal altruism are most likely to occur if

a. witnesses are present. b. the anonymity of the altruist is assured. c. the risk to the altruist is low. d. the altruist ignores the likelihood of success. e. the benefit to the recipient is low.

Harrison has started pinching his sister. He does this not because it will hurt her, but because he loves to see her large reaction when she gets pinched

Although he does not understand that this hurts her and is mean, he does understand that the reaction he gets from her is interesting and funny, so he keeps repeating it. According to Piaget, what age would Harrison start performing tertiary circular reactions such as this? a. 6-12 months b. 12-18 months c. 18-24 months d. 24-30 months